09 December 2012
"Conducting Mock Drill " Nice writeup
For conducting any mock drills there are certain steps that should be followed for better performance.
1. Number of maximum credible loss scenarios & number of potential emergencies to be listed out (one time activity)
2. Then make a mitigation plan for the same.
3. Now before doing a mock drill have a table top mock drill/ discussion (where each key personnel of the drill speak about the action to be done by him/her)
4. Then after some time (we follow a gap of 24 hrs at least) have the mock drill.
5. Now during mock drill you should have more than 3-4 observers ( we assign two observers at each location in our organization ) one for noting down the time and the other for noting down the activities done.
6. In any emergency response there are three parts. Evacuation, mitigation and restoration.
7. Evacuation time from each area to the safe assembly point should be assessed based on this formula distance from the place of evacuation to the nearest safest assembly point/6 kmph. ( The speed of brisk walking is assumed to be 5-6 kmph & no running only brisk walk during an emergency)(Here you can apply Chander”s scale and increase the number or size of your emergency exits considering the timings as bench mark)
8. One more practice that we can follow is “you are only responsible to the person sitting at your left” i.e while evacuating just see to it that the person sitting/standing at your immediate left is also evacuated with you.
9. In mitigation part, its as per the onsite emergency plan, but in addition to that we can have more failures added on to the scenario. Eg: Failure of power, then melting of some Sintex tank in the vicinity of a solvent tank fire, ERT collapsed due to SCBA getting empty etc. We should always make sure that all support functions like engineering, R&D etc are involved. The total drill may extend up to an hour also, at times
10. Then last comes the pre entry area toxicity monitoring and the salvage operations.
Now for improving the effectiveness
1. Get the timings and compare the evacuation timing against the standard that you have set and see what is the gap.
2. Timing of each activity, i.e SCBA donning, uncoiling of fire hose etc can be compared against the best timings available( you can get it from experts in this filed or can get from the best industries in your vicinity and assess whether they are acceptable in case of that particular emergency.
3. Vary the time. Mock drills ate early morning time, then during night shifts, then after general shift hours etc.
These! are some methods/steps that we follow in our organization.
Arun Kumar.K
‘Safety Polce’ vs. ‘safety professional’ Nice Writeup
Safety professionals can overcome negative perceptions by using communications strategies that reduce defensiveness and establish open dialog with workers. Rather than taking strictly compliance approach, safety professionals should behave more like educators and empower workers to participate in developing a safety culture.
Every old timers (that includes me too) has a story of a ‘Safety Police’ ,Walking and shutting down work activity for minor deviations, simply to show everyone there that they have the power to enforce the rules. As a result, any one in safety profession gets a label of being unprofessional and it is very difficult to change (that) attitude. One of the worst ways a safety professional can demonstrate the “safety cop” label is by being confrontational and look for ways to criticize or stop work.
Environments where people are labeled “safety Police,” create fear and reduce safety participation. Compliance might increase but hazard awareness, looking out for others and innovation can decline. Safety professionals and programs that only emphasize compliance may have a positive effect on an organization’s violation rate, but other safety behaviors such as self-reporting, collaboration and educational program participation may decrease.
Safety professionals cannot simply go through checklists; they must engage with workers and gain insight into their work environment. Anyone new to an organization should spend the first few weeks – or months, if needed – getting to know the people working there and simply ask them what their jobs are and ask them if they know of any safety issues. Allowing the workers to tell you what they see will give a new safety professional insight to the real processes that are used and not simply see people ‘acting’ when the safety personnel are around.
Below listed communication strategies can be used by a safety professional to foster this open dialog with workers:
- Make safety a regular topic of informal conversations and formal events.
- Ask workers’ opinions and regularly seek input.
- Accept constructive dissent as a positive step.
- Avoid blaming workers and focus on learning when discussing errors.
- Ensure safety messages show support and concern for worker’s welfare.
Earning trust
The best approach to overcoming a “safety Police” label is to calmly explain the safety aspect of your observation and point out any violations of the company’s safety plan. This explanation should include how you only want them to be safe and do not intend to interfere with their work. Unless there is an immediate threat of harm, wait until the person has finished whatever task they’re doing and then discuss safety.
It helps to make workers feel as though the safety professional is on their side. If they realize at the onset that you are there to help them, or make them safe, and you are doing a job, they are not as defensive.
Aligning with the culture
Aligning with the organization’s culture can help safety professionals establish credibility among workers. Safety professionals align safety with the organization’s core values. If the company appears concerned only with financial matters, the safety professional should figure out a way to align safety with that core value. He or she could emphasize how safety incidents cost money and hurt the company’s reputation, and iterate how incidents cause unnecessary human suffering. Then, he can follow up by describing the ways safety programs can save everyone and the company money and grief.
Safety professionals need to send the message, ‘I am here to help you to accomplish your goal, and oneway to accomplish your goal is by doing things safer.’ That will at least have a greater probability of getting their attention.
Good Luck!!
With warm regards,
Dr Katari Murthy
02 December 2012
NFPA 70E COMPLIANCE GUIDE
This guide shall only be used in conjunction with performing the necessary calculations contained in a flash hazard analysis to determine the proper cal/cm 2 . If the results of the calculations exceed the cal/cm 2 that correspond to the HRC found on this guide, you must use clothing that complies with the calculation.
OISD Standard 105 Work Permit System
This standard shall be applicable to all hydrocarbon processing / handling installations such as onshore / offshore oil and gas processing plants & platforms, drilling and workover rigs, crude oil and product installations, refineries, oil port terminals, pipelines & pipeline installations, marketing installations, LPG bottling plants, Lube Blending plants etc.
30 November 2012
Regarding IS codes
Some useful IS CODES available on the below link make use of it.
https://law.resource.org/pub/in/manifest.html
https://law.resource.org/pub/in/manifest.html
29 November 2012
14 Essential Elements for a Successful Health and Safety Program
Hazard
Recognition, Evaluation, and Control
This element is key to any health and safety program. This involves proactive hazard recognition in terms of environment (the surroundings of the workers); the people actually doing the work, equipment/materials used in the work process, and processes/practices themselves. A formal “Job Hazard Analysis” assists with the process and is integral to many of the other elements listed below. Once hazards have been identified and prioritized they must be controlled. The generally accepted hierarchy of controls is elimination/substitution, engineering controls, personal protective equipment, and administrative controls.
This element is key to any health and safety program. This involves proactive hazard recognition in terms of environment (the surroundings of the workers); the people actually doing the work, equipment/materials used in the work process, and processes/practices themselves. A formal “Job Hazard Analysis” assists with the process and is integral to many of the other elements listed below. Once hazards have been identified and prioritized they must be controlled. The generally accepted hierarchy of controls is elimination/substitution, engineering controls, personal protective equipment, and administrative controls.
Workplace
Design and Engineering
We often see failure in this aspect when we are called in to solve a problem. Designing safety into a workplace is as important as designing in efficiency (and these often go hand in hand). Some of this is already done by building code (e.g., electrical standards, fire suppression, and egress requirements) but other aspects must be consciously addressed such as ergonomics, ventilation, and noise requirements for the anticipated work at hand, equipment and machine safeguarding, materials handling and storage, use of automated processes, and added reserve capacity.
We often see failure in this aspect when we are called in to solve a problem. Designing safety into a workplace is as important as designing in efficiency (and these often go hand in hand). Some of this is already done by building code (e.g., electrical standards, fire suppression, and egress requirements) but other aspects must be consciously addressed such as ergonomics, ventilation, and noise requirements for the anticipated work at hand, equipment and machine safeguarding, materials handling and storage, use of automated processes, and added reserve capacity.
Safety
Performance Management
This can be thought of as the measurable actions of employees in relation to safety in their work. Performance measurement should reflect how workers (management and workers alike) are actually doing compared to applicable regulatory requirements and identified corporate goals. This should include a system of accountability for meeting those standards within their control.
This can be thought of as the measurable actions of employees in relation to safety in their work. Performance measurement should reflect how workers (management and workers alike) are actually doing compared to applicable regulatory requirements and identified corporate goals. This should include a system of accountability for meeting those standards within their control.
Regulatory
Compliance Management
Non-compliance can have serious ramifications in terms of financial liability (penalties and fines), institutional reputation, and in some cases the ability to continue operations. It is very important to have a mechanism for staying informed and complying with existing regulations and standards. It is also very important to keep abreast of new or evolving regulations that will impact your operations. A self-assessment is a good tool for determining level of compliance.
Non-compliance can have serious ramifications in terms of financial liability (penalties and fines), institutional reputation, and in some cases the ability to continue operations. It is very important to have a mechanism for staying informed and complying with existing regulations and standards. It is also very important to keep abreast of new or evolving regulations that will impact your operations. A self-assessment is a good tool for determining level of compliance.
Occupational
Health
The nature and scope of an occupational health program can vary widely from company to company. One might expect pre-employment health evaluations, periodic medical surveillance, injury protocols (including first aid and bite/scratch procedures) and maintenance of medical records, and coordination with the departments when work related health and safety issues arise. One might typically find coordination of respiratory protection and hearing conservation programs within the Occupational Health component of a program.
The nature and scope of an occupational health program can vary widely from company to company. One might expect pre-employment health evaluations, periodic medical surveillance, injury protocols (including first aid and bite/scratch procedures) and maintenance of medical records, and coordination with the departments when work related health and safety issues arise. One might typically find coordination of respiratory protection and hearing conservation programs within the Occupational Health component of a program.
Information
Collection
Information is the lifeblood for proper decision making. Equally important to collection of information is its subsequent management. We have seen situations where important information had been collected but never analyzed nor distributed to those with a need. Much of the safety and health information collected must be managed properly to maintain regulatory compliance.
Information is the lifeblood for proper decision making. Equally important to collection of information is its subsequent management. We have seen situations where important information had been collected but never analyzed nor distributed to those with a need. Much of the safety and health information collected must be managed properly to maintain regulatory compliance.
Employee
Involvement
Employee involvement in all aspects of a safety and health program benefits both the employees and management. The front line employees have experienced and seen issues and problems that might not otherwise be recognized by management. It also serves as a bridge of understanding for actions taken by the employer in terms of health and safety.
Employee involvement in all aspects of a safety and health program benefits both the employees and management. The front line employees have experienced and seen issues and problems that might not otherwise be recognized by management. It also serves as a bridge of understanding for actions taken by the employer in terms of health and safety.
Motivation,
Behavior, and Attitudes
The goal of this element is to change behavior and attitude to promote a safer and healthier workplace. It places great value on visible management leadership and support for changing unsafe behaviors, attitudes, and work processes. One additional key component is the reinforcement of the desired behaviors through positive recognition.
The goal of this element is to change behavior and attitude to promote a safer and healthier workplace. It places great value on visible management leadership and support for changing unsafe behaviors, attitudes, and work processes. One additional key component is the reinforcement of the desired behaviors through positive recognition.
Training
and Orientation
Training can assume a variety of forms from classroom style to hands-on, from general concepts to task specific. Besides the need for safety training from a regulatory standpoint it is critical that employees know what to do to perform their jobs correctly and safely.
Organizational CommunicationsTraining can assume a variety of forms from classroom style to hands-on, from general concepts to task specific. Besides the need for safety training from a regulatory standpoint it is critical that employees know what to do to perform their jobs correctly and safely.
Communication within the organization keeps employees informed of new and existing policies, procedures, lessons learned, and missions. Likewise it provides avenues from the front line to upper management for consideration in the development and revision of those polices. The flow of information in both directions is critical for an effective health and safety program.
Management and Control of External Exposures
This might be considered incident or emergency planning. Plans need to be developed for emergencies such as severe weather, medical related; neighborhood etc. and periodic emergency evacuation drill will help to keep the management and the workforce aware of steps or actions to be taken in case of emergency.
Environmental Management
Environmental management is a broad and complex enough issue that it requires a program of its own. Often there is overlap of duties and as such, environmental management is grouped under the health and safety program umbrella. Issues from proper permitting to preventing potential environmental liability are considered in this element.
Workplace Planning and Staffing
In providing an effective safety and health program effective human resource management is critical. It includes development of accurate job descriptions to take into consideration job duties (such as respirator use or hearing protection use, manual material handling, exposure to allergens) that may trigger the need for pre-employment evaluations and medical surveillance. Limiting exposures by administrative controls or other safety considerations (e.g. tasks requiring two people) and development of safety rules would both be considered in this element.
Assessments, Audits, and Evaluations
This final set of tools provides a measure for how an organization is doing in terms of health and safety. These are used to monitor compliance, behaviors, and provide a yardstick for discerning progress. A variety of tools are required to address these needs. These can be performed by in-house staff, committees, as part of a job task, or with outside consultants. The assessment results serve as a springboard for improvement.
Reference:
1. 14 Elements of a Successful Safety and Health Program, National Safety Council
07 August 2012
Short Story- Clay Balls
As he strolled along the beach, he would throw the clay balls one at a time out into the ocean as far as he could. He thought little about it until he dropped one of the balls and it cracked open on a rock. Inside was a beautiful, precious stone.
Excited the man started breaking open the remaining clay balls. Each contained a similar treasure.
He found thousands of dollars worth of jewels in the 20 or so clay balls he had left. Then it struck him. He had been on the beach a long time. He had thrown maybe 50 or 60 of the clay balls with their hidden treasure into the ocean waves. Instead of thousands of dollars in treasure, he could have taken home tens of thousands, but he just threw it away.
It's like that with people. We look at someone, maybe even ourselves, and we see the external clay vessel. It doesn't look like much from the outside. It isn't always beautiful or sparkling so we discount it. We see that person as less important than someone more beautiful or stylish or well known or wealthy. But we have not taken the time to find the treasure hidden inside that person by God.
There is a treasure in each and every one of us. If we take the time to get to know that person, and if we ask God to show us that person the way He sees them, then the clay begins to peel away and the brilliant gem begins to shine forth.
May we not come to the end of our lives and find out that we have thrown away a fortune in friendships because the gems were hidden in bits of clay.
May we see the people in our world as God sees them.
26 June 2012
Useful links
Obtain:
* Birth Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=1>
* Caste Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=4>
* Tribe Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ otherservice_ details.php? service=8>
* Domicile Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=5>
* Driving Licence <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=6>
* Birth Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=1>
* Caste Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=4>
* Tribe Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ otherservice_ details.php? service=8>
* Domicile Certificate <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=5>
* Driving Licence <http://www.india. gov.in/howdo/ howdoi.php? service=6>
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
Electrical shock is an injury is caused by an electrical current passing through the body.
Factors that determine the form and severity of injury:
· The type and magnitude of current
· The resistance of body at the point of contact- different tissues in the body will offer different resistance,
· The current pathway through the body and the duration of current flow.
· AC is particularly three to five time more dangerous than DC.
· What happens to a body subjected to electric shock
Electrical Injuries
What happens to a body subjected to electric shock?
· Shortness of breath,
· Chest pain,
· Abdominal pain.
· 
Pain In A Hand Or Foot Or A Deformity Of A Part Of The Body MayIndicate A Possible Broken Bone Resulting From The Electric Shock.
Pain In A Hand Or Foot Or A Deformity Of A Part Of The Body MayIndicate A Possible Broken Bone Resulting From The Electric Shock.
· Red or dark, charred appearance.
· Numbness
· Tingling
· Paralysis
· Hearing Loss
· Speech Problems
· Shock
When someone has been electrocuted:
First aid
· Call the doctor
· Look first. Don't touch. The person may still be in contact with the electrical source. Touching the person may pass the current through you.
1. 
Turn off the source of electricity if possible. If not, move the source away from you and the affected person using a non conducting object made of cardboard, plastic or wood.
Turn off the source of electricity if possible. If not, move the source away from you and the affected person using a non conducting object made of cardboard, plastic or wood.
2. Check for breathing. Once the person is free of the source of electricity, ensure the person is breathing. If breathing has stopped or you suspect the person's airway is blocked, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
3. When breathing. If the victim is unresponsive and breathing and circulation are normal, elevate his foot end by eight to twelve inches. Maintain the normal body temperature.
4. Cover the affected areas. If the person is breathing, cover any burned areas with a sterile gauze bandage, if available, or a clean cloth. Don't use a blanket or towel. Fluffy fibers can be irritating.
Cylinder blast kills one, hurts 5 at industrial shed Chemicals Firm Ignored Safety Norms: Police
Pune: A 65-year-old worker was killed and five others injured, one of them seriously, in a powerful gas cylinder explosion in the industrial shed of Parag Gases and Chemicals Pvt Ltd at Loni-Kalbhor, about 18 km from here, on Wednesday.
10 craziest Green Ideas.
Dear All,
Please find 10 craziest Green Ideas.
1. Hotel offers free meal to guests who are willing to generate electricity
The Crown Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen , Denmark , is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike attached to a generator. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity - roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. They will then be given meal vouchers worth $36 (26 euros).
Earthquake Emergency offsite mock drill report
Earthquake Emergency offsite mock drill conducted at IOCL,Indore,Madyapradesh
Code of practice- Spray Painting
The purpose of this code of practice is to provide practical guidance on meeting the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984 and Occupational Safety and Health Regulations 1996 as they apply to spray painting and enable a consistent approach to controlling the risks from spray painting.
Safe Use of Top Slew Tower Cranes
Top slew tower cranes (TSTCs) have for many years been one of the primary means of lifting and placing materials on construction projects and often have a disproportionate effect on the smooth delivery of the construction programme. It is consequently of vital importance that they are installed and used correctly to ensure that both the safety of people and the efficiency of the construction process is maintained.
Life saving bracelet
It is a bracelet which when activated manually gives an alarm to
alert others. It will activate automatically if the wearer becomes unconscious
making it easier for others to locate.
Although the bracelet should be ideally provided to all employees, practically
it might not be possible. Hence initially it can be provided to
1. Team leaders / Floor managers in charge of evacuation.
2. Fire & Safety Crew.
3. Employees in remote, risky locations.
4. Employees in locations with long escape route.
5. Senior persons of your organisation.
alert others. It will activate automatically if the wearer becomes unconscious
making it easier for others to locate.
Although the bracelet should be ideally provided to all employees, practically
it might not be possible. Hence initially it can be provided to
1. Team leaders / Floor managers in charge of evacuation.
2. Fire & Safety Crew.
3. Employees in remote, risky locations.
4. Employees in locations with long escape route.
5. Senior persons of your organisation.
British Standard BS 5395 - Stairs, ladders and walkways
Part 3: Code of practice for the design of industrial type stairs, permanent ladders and walkways
This Part of BS 5395 gives recommendations for the design of industrial type stairs, walkways,platforms, fixed ladders and companion way ladders.
Safety Alert 5- Logging truck incident
Identify the hazards in your work site before performing work
Safety Tips 1
Avoid using computer,watching Television and playing video games or
play stations 2 hours before retiring to bed to protect your eyes.
Drink plenty of water to avoid 'Cramps". more over it helps the body
to remain fresh for long hours.
Use your reflexes to drive than your reaction to chaotic
traffic ...while driving.
play stations 2 hours before retiring to bed to protect your eyes.
Drink plenty of water to avoid 'Cramps". more over it helps the body
to remain fresh for long hours.
Use your reflexes to drive than your reaction to chaotic
traffic ...while driving.
Fire Emergency tips
Are you ready to respond to a workplace fire? Would you know how to escape and possibly fight the fire, even if the building were dark and filled with smoke? Do you know how to sound the alarm for others?
Here are some tips for preparing for a fire emergency:
- One way to ensure preparedness for a fire is to take the drills seriously. Take a tip from how children respond to a school fire drill. They move without delay, and they follow directions. The result is that during a real fire they know how to respond.
- Follow these safety practices in the office to minimize damage and injuries: Keep fire doors closed at all times to prevent the spread of fire and do not block them open with wedges. Keep fire exit routes open and free of obstructions at all times. Make sure that automatic sprinklers are never obstructed by supplies or equipment.
- Be prepared to rescue those in immediate danger first – even yourself. If you are in charge of helping a disabled co-worker to escape or await rescue, know ahead of time where to take the person and how to get there.
- Close (but do not lock) doors and windows behind you as you make your escape. The reason for closing doors is that it slows the spread of fire. It also helps keep rooms free of smoke so that firefighters can search more effectively.
- Pull the fire alarm. This means knowing ahead of time where it is located and how to use it. Fire alarms are meant to be used in a fire emergency – so don't be shy.
- Call the fire department. In a number of fires involving fatalities, it has been found that no one even called the fire department. Never assume that this has already been done. Even if the alarm has been activated, this does not mean the fire department has been alerted because few buildings are wired directly to the fire department. Make sure you know the number to call, which may be different from the number you would dial if you were at home. Know the address of your workplace, and be prepared to give directions to the fire department. Stay on the line until the emergency operator has all the necessary information.
- Finally, if you can safely do so, try to put out the fire. This means knowing where to find a fire extinguisher, and how to use it. Make sure you know which one to use on which kind of fire. Never obstruct a fire extinguisher.
- Never re-enter the area or building until the fire department has given the all-clear signal.
Let's hope you never have to deal with an office fire. But if you do, these are the steps which can carry you to safety.
24 June 2012
The importance of choosing the correct PPE (Personal Protection Equipment) for Protection
Workers wear personal protective equipment (PPE) to reduce their exposure to various occupational hazards. This includes such items as full body suits, work trousers, aprons, gloves, and foot, head and eye protection. Its use is one component of a safety program using a number of techniques to ensure that the work environment it both healthy and safe. However, use of such equipment does not make the hazard any less serious, and it does not provide long-lasting or complete protection.
What can be done
What can be done
Health and Safety Signs
Health and safety signs play an important role in keeping us safe and as they indicate to us a possible health and/or safety hazard and also indicate how we can protect ourselves in a hazardous situation. From toxic chemicals to overhead loads, signs are used to indicate a wide range of situations.
Another important aspect of health and safety signs is the colors and symbols used on the signs. Warning signs, for example, are usually yellow in color with black text and/or graphics. The consistency in the use of yellow and black for cautioning against danger means that whenever we see these colors on a sign, we automatically become alert and pay attention to what the sign is indicating.
17 June 2012
Job Opening
Requirement of EHS/Manager & for his organisation for the Corporate Office located in Noida .
About The Company:- An integrated pharmaceutical and life sciences company, is the largest Custom Research and Manufacturing Services (CRAMS) player and a leading Drug Discovery and Development Solution (DDDS) provider out of India. Recently it has been ranked at No. 6 position amongst the Top 10 Global contract manufacturing & services outsourcing players of the pharmaceutical industry
Organisation : - Global Company with its ground presence in India, North America, Europe and China. The Company is well recognised as a ‘Partner of Choice’ by leading life sciences companies worldwide.
Post : EHS/Manager to Sr.EHS/Manager (based on experience)
Experience : 5 to 10 Years
Salary : Industry Standrads
Exeperiance in Chemical or Pharma Company will be an added avadvantage.
Please send your updated resume to the following mail id: sethuhemachandran@yahoo.in
NFPA 780 Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems
NFPA 780 Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems
The purpose of this standard is to provide for the practical safeguarding of persons and
property from hazards arising from exposure to lightning.
The purpose of this standard is to provide for the practical safeguarding of persons and
property from hazards arising from exposure to lightning.
Hand railing Specification according to OSHA
OSHA Regulations
Stair Rails The following general requirements apply to all stair rails: _ Stairways with four or more risers or rising more than 30 inches (76 cm) in height— whichever is less must be installed along each unprotected side or edge. When the top edge of a stair rail system also serves as a handrail, the height of the top edge must be no more than 37 inches (94 cm) nor less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) from the upper surface of the stair rail to the surface of the tread. _ Stair rails installed after March 15,1991, must be not less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) in height. _ Top edges of stair rail systems used as handrails must not be more than 37 inches (94 cm) high nor less than 36 inches (91.5 cm) from the upper surface of the stair rail system to the surface of the tread. (If installed before March 15, 1991, not less than 30 inches [76 cm]). _ Stair rail systems and handrails must be surfaced to prevent injuries such as punctures or lacerations and to keep clothing from snagging. _ Ends of stair rail systems and handrails must be built to prevent dangerous projections, such as rails protruding beyond the end posts of the system. In addition, _ Unprotected sides and edges of stairway landings must have standard 42-inch (1.1 m) guardrail systems. _ Intermediate vertical members, such as balusters used as guardrails, must not be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart. _ Other intermediate structural members, when used, must be installed so that no openings are more than 19 inches (48 cm) wide. _ Screens or mesh, when used, must extend from the top rail to the stairway step and along the opening between top rail supports. |
Handrails
Requirements for handrails are as follows: _ Handrails and top rails of the stair rail systems must be able to withstand, without failure, at least 200 pounds (890 n) of weight applied within 2 inches (5 cm) of the top edge in any downward or outward direction, at any point along the top edge. _ Handrails must not be more than 37 inches (94 cm) high nor less than 30 inches (76 cm) from the upper surface of the handrail to the surface of the tread. _ Handrails must provide an adequate handhold for employees to grasp to prevent falls. _ Temporary handrails must have a minimum clearance of 3 inches (8 cm) between the handrail and walls, stair rail systems and other objects. _ Stairways with four or more risers, or that rise more than 30 inches (76 cm) in height— whichever is less—must have at least one handrail. _ Winding or spiral stairways must have a handrail to prevent use of areas where the tread width is less than 6 inches (15 cm). Mid rails Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members or equivalent intermediate structural members must be provided between the top rail and stairway steps to the stair rail system. When midrails are used, they must be located midway between the top of the stair rail system and the stairway steps. |
Fixed Ladders
If the total length of the climb on a fixed ladder equals or exceeds 24 feet (7.3 m), the ladder must be equipped with ladder safety devices; or self-retracting lifelines and rest platforms at intervals not to exceed 150 feet (45.7 m); or a cage or well and multiple ladder sections with each ladder section not to exceed 50 feet (15.2 m) in length. These ladder sections must be offset from adjacent sections and landing platforms must be provided at maximum intervals of 50 feet (15.2 m). In addition, fixed ladders must meet the following requirements: _ Fixed ladders must be able to support at least two loads of 250 pounds (114 kg) each, concentrated between any two consecutive support added anticipated loads caused by ice buildup, _ Wood ladders must not be coated with any opaque covering except for identification or warning labels, which may be placed only on one face of a side rail.Note: A competent person must inspect ladders for visible defects periodically and after any incident that could affect their safe use. edge of a landing area must be no less than 7 inches (18 cm) and no more than 12 inches (30 cm). A landing platform must be provided if the step-across distance exceeds 12 inches (30 cm). _ Fixed ladders without cages or wells must have at least a 15-inch (38 cm) clearance width to the nearest permanent object on each side of the centerline of the ladder. _ Fixed ladders must be provided with cages, wells, ladder safety devices or self-retracting lifelines where the length of climb is less than 24 feet (7.3 m) but the top of the ladder is at a distance greater than 24 feet (7.3 m) above lower levels. _ Side rails of through or side-step fixed ladders must extend 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top level or landing platform served by the ladder. Parapet ladders must have an access level at the roof if the parapet is cut to permit passage through it. If the parapet is continuous, the access level is the top of the parapet. _ Steps or rungs for through-fixed-ladder extensions must be omitted from the extension; and the extension of side rails must be flared to provide between 24 inches (61 cm) and 30 inches (76 cm) clearance between side rails. _ When safety devices are provided, the maximum clearance distance between side rail extensions must not exceed 36 inches (91 cm). _ Fixed ladders must be used at a pitch no greater than 90 degrees from the horizontal, measured from the back side of the ladder. |
16 June 2012
WORLD BLOOD DONOR DAY
World Blood Donor Day is day dedicated to "thanking and cele-brating voluntary non-remunerated blood donors". It occurs on June 14, the birthday of Karl Landsteiner, the creator of the ABO blood group system, for which he won the Nobel Prize. The first day was held in 2005.One of the main goals of the World Blood Donor Day is to ensure the availability of 'safe blood' for transfusion.
Why should we donate blood ?
Safe blood saves lives and improves health. Blood transfusion is needed for:
- women with complications of pregnancy, such as ectopic pregnancies and haemorrhage before, during or after childbirth;
- children with severe anaemia often resulting from malaria or malnutrition;
- people with severe trauma following accidents; and
- many surgical and cancer patients.
Short Story 4 : The Right Decision
A group of children were playing near two railway tracks, one still in use while the other disused. Only one child played on the disused track, the rest on the operational track.
The train came, and you were just beside the track interchange. You could make the train change its course to the disused track and saved most of the kids
However, which would also mean the lone child playing by the disused track would be sacrificed. Or would you rather let the train go its way?
Let’s take a pause to think what kind of decision we could make…
…
Analyze the situation…
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Think and reflect…
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Decided your answer!!!!…
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Now … go ahead…
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11 June 2012
Job Opening
The requirement of Safety Officers / Managers for his organisation for the plant located near Hydrabad.
Organisation : South India based reputed corporate
Post : Asst Manager to Safety Manager (based on experience)
Qualification : RLI / CLI / M.E. (Safety) / Degree in Fire Engg from Nagpur
Experience : 8 years +
Salary : Based on the experience and current salary drawn.
Please send your updated resume to the following mail id:
k.panch15@gmail.com
Organisation : South India based reputed corporate
Post : Asst Manager to Safety Manager (based on experience)
Qualification : RLI / CLI / M.E. (Safety) / Degree in Fire Engg from Nagpur
Experience : 8 years +
Salary : Based on the experience and current salary drawn.
Please send your updated resume to the following mail id:
k.panch15@gmail.com
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